CONSIDERATIONS SUR L’ANALYSE DU/DES DISCOURS INSTITUTIONNEL(S)
CONSIDERATIONS ON INSTITUTIONAL DISCOURSE (S) ANALYSIS

Summary/Abstract: The dynamics of the stakes of linguistics – a new discipline in the field of sciences – naturally follows the one of society, so that, beginning with the 50s of the last century, we witness such a diversification of the centers of interest within the linguists’ community, the result being a burst of this scientific field which materializes in a fascicle of disciplines composing what is nowadays referred to as “language sciences”. For a certainty, discourse analysis is one of the domains which maintain true visible relations with the stakes of the society and with its needs. Thus, it is one of the linguistic disciplines which best ensures the function of a driving belt (an intermediary) between the knowledge resulted from the fundamental research in linguistics and the social demand. For that matter, the example of the interest in the institutional discourse manifested by the analysts of the discourse is illustrative. However, despite the significant number of works dedicated to the study of this type of discourse, always based on corpuses of certified productions, the institutional discourse, as a type of discourse, is not yet theoretically defined in accordance with the necessary scientific rigour so that the final purposes of the analysis may be accomplished. The present study aims to be a reflection destined to contribute to this objective of defining the institutional discourse as a distinct type of discourse. Through the examples we offer and with the help of the tools and the levels of analysis specific to discourse analysis, we shall emphasize the relations between “institutional discourse”/ “political/mediatic”/“expert discourse”, in order to try to dissociate the first from the others and to point out certain specific properties, among which the ones resulting after the attempt to answer the question “Is the institution the one producing institutional discourse or is the discourse the one which creates, consolidates and ensures the existence and the functioning of the institution?”

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