Графічні портрети Григорія Синиці з музейних збірок Кривого Рогу
Graphic portraits of Grigoriy Sinitsa from the museum collections in Krivyi Rig

Summary/Abstract: The article is devoted to studying graphical portrait art of the Gregory Sinitsa, Honored Artist of Ukraine, laureate of the National Prize of Taras Shevchenko, who made a great contribution to the development of monumental pictorial art in Ukraine. Graphical art is an important part of the artist art. Gregory Sinitsa considers the drawing as the major component of the creative process. He studied the sketches and the cardboards for future works very attentively and often they acquired the features of independent, finished works. Graphical portraits are the most valuable part of the last artist’s decades of his life. The Most part of them are designed as easel paintings. Mostly the drawing of models is shoulder-length or half length which is typical for his figurative portraits. The favorite painter`s tool is the coal. Since the 1980 the master has been working with sanguine. Grigoriy Sinitsa painted portraits only those people who attracted his attention by the creative talent, inner significance or the charm of youth. The drawing portraits keep some similarity, but always pass certain evolution that reflects the artist search for more picturesque graphics. This evolution includes repetition of the historical evolution of the portrait drawing. The drawing changes from expressive linear drawing with a light line, which create the plastic forms ("Self-portrait" 1969) to the tonal shading, creating a tone ("The portrait of the sculptor Nevecherі" 1981), and later you can see the performance of maximum appearance of sanguine and coal ("Portrait of Hope" 1992). The earliest of the known Sinitsa`s graphical portraits is "Self-Portrait". In 1969 it was written in the difficult time for the artist during the repression in the country. Finally, the arrests of his friends (artists) forced him to emigrate from Kyiv to Krivuy Rog. The self-portrait attracts attention with its extraordinary expression. The surprising emotional power of the artist's intense gaze and expression of his features, based on the rare graphical contrast of black and white. The clear lines, deep tone intension, severe plastic of face express the internal condensed energy of the artist, his strong will, masculine beauty. In the "Portrait of the sculptor Nevecherі" (1981) Sinitsa demonstrated the masterful graphical technique. He created a portrait painting with certain characteristic qualities: large size, filling the entire surface of the painting with drawing. And due to the high level of performance and finality, this work refers to the picture. In the first place Sinitsa emphasizes the gift of the young sculptor, his thirst for knowledge and curious mind. The artist depicts his friend in a moment of inspiration, which fills the whole image of greatness and elation. During his creative life Sinitsa was excited and inspired by the images of the women, in which he saw the harmony and perfection of nature. A beauty face and beauty of the entire image were the kind of measure of human values for the artist. In "Portrait Wali Borovoi" (1982) the artist created an image filled with a mature, perfect beauty. Its depth and inner harmony reminds the beautiful images of the Madonna. In this portraitpainting with the dominant role of line and drawing, the artist uses sanguine, blue pastel and chalk to create the most expressive portrait. An important role in the implementation of the inner fullness of the image plays the background of composition. In created female image the artist managed to connect the beauty and attractiveness of women with the wisdom and love of the mother. In 1983 Sinitsa created a graphical portrait of his wife Nadezhda Ivanovna Kozlova. Her elderly face, full of dignity and nobility retains the features of its former beauty. The most important component of the portrait reveals the relaxing inner individuality of the great women. She was artistically gifted person, assistant and co-author in the creation of floromozaik with her husband. Numerous unusual embroideries and laces decorated Ukrainian clothes of Grigoriy Sinitsa and showed the amazing wealth of unique talent. Sinitsa showed his understanding of close person in this portrait. Sinitsa considers his wife as bright, unusually harmonious personality, which brings and creates beauty and goodness. In this portrait-painting the artist joined the definite model's condition with a general model and spirituality of created image of female artist and female worker. "Nadia Portrait" (1992) defines the new stage in the portrait art of Gregory Sinitsa, which shows the change of the relationship between both graphic and pictorial art, appearance of a new interpretation and a new realization of the drawing portraits' possibilities. The young girl dressed in Ukrainian shirt, looks from the portrait. She is a student of great artist. In the slight tilt of the head and barely noticeable smile, you can feel the poetry of youth that reflects femininity. The artist transmits not a generalized impression of the model, the main characteristic for his portraits drawings of the 1980s, but the spontaneity of movement, the transience of girl's mood. In the portrait drawing the master finds the delicate balance between the graphic and pictorial art. Drawing plays a vital role in creating of the portrait. The portraiture decision of the picture is based on the equality of three colors: black, white and ocher (dark). The artist seeks to color harmony and balance of shapes. The background image is included in the space of the picture in the same way, as in pictorial picture. In his portrait graphic art Gregory Sinitsa reached the highest level of artistic skill. A deep comprehension of psychology, character, moods of his characters, creating images, extremely high feelings, generosity, and inner beauty makes the portrait art of the master one of the most respectable continuation of the best portrait art tradition of the twentieth century.

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