ORTAÇAĞ TÜRK-İSLÂM DEVLETLERİNDE HÜKÜMDARIN ADALET SEMBOLÜ: DÎVÂNÜ’L-MEZÂLİM
IN MEDIEVAL TURKISH ISLAMIC STATES THE RULER’S JUSTICE SYMBOL; DÎVÂNU’L-MAZÂLIM

Summary/Abstract: In all Turkish-Islamic states treating people fairly has been accepted as a principle. The Turks attach importance to judicial organizations in the states which they established before the Islam or Islamic period. Töre has been applied to solve judicial affairs in addition to Islamic law in Turkish states. In medieval Turkish-Islamic States the most important Judicial practice in the judicial organization is Dîvânu’lMazâlim which is a kind of judicial symbol of the ruler. For this Medieval Turkish-Islamic States tradition the forensic organization had a very important place and task. The provision of justice was one of the most important tasks of the ruler. Dîvânu’l-Mazâlim is a superior court which is fullfilling a totally different jurisdiction from normal court Muslim judge’s task and responsibilities. The ruler was preside at Dîvânu’lMazâlim with priority. When the ruler was not preside at the officials like vizier, naib, etc. Dîvânu’l-Mazâlim was in position of intercessor which was one of the most important channels to see how the land lies of the public’s pulse between the ruling class and vassal. Although Dîvânu’lMazâlim has not a direct counterpart as an institution today, it has some relations with some of current modern judicial systems. In this rescript, Turkish- Islamic state’s justice system which established dominance in the middle ages, and Dîvânu’l-Mazâlim’s emergence, development, organizational structure and functioning issues will be discussed. Besides, giving information about this institution’s relations with the modern judicial systems.

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