La politique mediterranéenne de l’Union Européenne
The Mediterranean policy of the European Union

Summary/Abstract: The European Union has a Mediterranean policysince her creation. It is characterized by its permanent adaptation and is more and more global (Process of Barcelonain 1995, Neighbourhood Policy in 2003 and Union for the Mediterranean in 2008). The “Arab Spring” has changeddrastically the political institutions of the region in 2011, especially in Tunisia, in Libya and in Egypt. Syria isexperiencing civil war over the last three years. The “Arab Spring” is the revolt of the youth against the dictatorship(Ben Ali in Tunisia, Khadafi in Libya and Moubarak in Egypt) to build Democracy. The result is disappointing andthe revolutions are in general stalled . In Tunisia the Ennhada party has won the elections, but it has Islamictendencies. Its policy is conservative and controversial. Libya has a liberal government without authority against themilitia. In Egypt the “Muslim brothers” have won the presidential election with Mohamed Morsi but the army hastaken the power and President Morsi is in jail (2013). In Syria President Bashar-al-Assad fights a coalition dominatedby the Islamic tendency. The European Union has not managed the “Arab Spring”. EU has reactedand has notanticipated the events. EU has not found a response and must define a new Mediterranean policy. The difficulty isthat the European Union is not a state and has not an effective foreign policy.

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