Rus Modernleşmesi Çerçevesinde Rusya’nin Türklere Yönelik Politikasi (1855- 1881)
Russian Policy For Turkish People In The Framework Of Russian Modernization (1855- 1881)

Summary/Abstract: Years between 1855-1881 witnessed the influence of international circumstances that also affected the Russian and Ottoman Empires as well as their modernization efforts in order to resist these circumstances. Following the defeat in the Crimean War, Tsar Alexander II, who saw the necessity of change, made liberal reforms. However, he was challenged by the strict opposition of the literary intelligentsia whose seeds were sowed by the Tsar himself. Even though he reverted back to his previous strict absolute regime, against the opposition activities, he was unable to prevent this public movement. His policy was also ineffective against the great powers of Europe. Against those powers, he successfully pursued an expansion policy in the Caucasus region. He massacred the Caucasian Turks and coerced them to migration. He invaded Caucasia and Turkistan. Thus, he caused the Ottoman Empire that proclaimed a constitutional regime earlier than that of Russia and got the support of the West, to struggle with significant problems.

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