Emilé Meyerson’ın Bilim Tasarımı
Emilé Meyerson’s Idea of Science

Summary/Abstract: Meyerson essentially belongs to the French philosophy of science tradition that is known as the opponent of the Vienna Circle. According to Meyerson, experiment, which is posterior to the theory, cannot proceed very much without prior beliefs and premises. Science, whose aim is to discover the rationality –to be understood as reducing differences to identity– lying within things, is carried out as two activities, one descriptive (based upon law) and one explanatory (causal) activity. Descriptive science corresponds to laws that make description, and prediction possible. According to Meyerson, science does not consist merely of these descriptive laws. Science is also an attempt at understanding and explaining how natural events occur. Explaining an event, on the other hand, is to show that that event occurs by necessity. This, in turn, means that how the constant conjunction that science finds transform to necessary relations, from accidental facts. This transformation is achieved through identity, that is, through establishing an identity between the premise and the conclusion. However, the wish to impose this identity upon nature encounters with some difficulties. Meyerson considers these difficulties that resist identity as irrational situations.

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