KILLER CELL IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTORS GENES IN SERONEGATIVE SPONDYLOARTHROPATHIES
KILLER CELL IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTORS GENES IN SERONEGATIVE SPONDYLOARTHROPATHIES

Summary/Abstract: THE SERONEGATIVE SPONDYLOARTHROPATHIES (SPA) ARE INFLAMMATORY RHEUMATIC DISEASESWITH COMMON CLINICAL FEATURES AND GENETIC SIMILARITIES NOT LIMITED ONLY TO HLA-B27.SEVERAL STUDIES SUGGESTED THAT KILLER CELL IMMUNOLOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTORS (KIR)GENES ARE ONE OF THE NON-MHC GENES ASSOCIATED WITH SPA, ALONG WITH ERAP1 AND IL23R. KIRGENES ENCODE REGULATING RECEPTORS WITH ACTIVATING OR INHIBITORY FUNCTION WHICH AREEXPRESSED BY NATURAL KILLER CELLS (NK) AND SOME OF T LYMPHOCYTES. KIR MOLECULESRECOGNIZE MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX (MHC) CLASS I MOLECULES, MORE PRECISELY,DISTINCT SUBSETS OF HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C AND HLA-G ALLOTYPES, MODULATING THE REACTIVITY OFTHE NK CELL. AN IMBALANCE BETWEEN ACTIVATING AND INHIBITORY KIR ALLELES KIR3DS1 ANDKIR3DL1 IN THE PRESENCE OF CERTAIN HLA-B27 ALLELES (B*2705) MAY CONTRIBUTE TO ANKYLOSINGSPONDYLITIS (AS) PATHOGENESIS. THE RISK OF PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS (PSA) IS INCREASED IN SUBJECTSWITH ACTIVATING KIR2DS1 AND/OR KIR2DS2 GENES PRESENT.THIS ARTICLE UNDERLINES THE IMPORTANCE OF KIR GENES AND THEIR COMPLEX RELATION WITHTHEIR LIGANDS, ESPECIALLY WITH HLA-B27. THIS UNIQUE ENCOUNTER MAY BE DECISIVE FOR THEIMMUNO-INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE SEEN IN AS/SPA.

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