Youth, Migration and Development in Southeast Europe
Youth, Migration and Development in Southeast Europe

The Example of the FYR of Macedonia

Summary/Abstract: Youth development at the global level is led by the UN Inter-Agency Network on Youth and Development. The International Organization for Migration (IOM) is a member of this network, as adolescent development is clearly linked to migration. In the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia a regional trend of high juvenile out-migration is taking place due to several key challenges imposed on the young generation – including high youth unemployment, high rates of young people not involved in the educational process and long transition periods from school to employment. Subsequent high risks of poverty and social exclusion constitute strong incentives for out-migration for young people. Migration under such circumstances includes high risks of using irregular channels and becoming a victim of trafficking or exploitation. Creating a future for the young generation in the FYR of Macedonia requires to equip adolescents with the knowledge and skills matching the economy’s demands. This can be achieved through closer cooperation with the private sector and employers in the education system, for example through internships and training opportunities in companies, as well as entrepreneurship training. Given the high out-migration rates of young people, the Macedonian government should promote temporary circular migration schemes with other countries to open up further labour markets and regular migration alternatives for adolescents. Such mobility schemes avoid brain drain, promote brain circulation and can stimulate positive changes through the transfer of money, ideas and investments in the country. Importantly, youth employment and migration policy objectives have to be mainstreamed into national development strategies.

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