НАРРАТИВ И ЦЕЛЕПОЛАГАНИЕ: СООТНОШЕНИЕ СТРУКТУРАЛИСТСКОГО И ФЕНОМЕНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПОДХОДОВ
NARRATIVE AND GOAL SETTING: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRUCTURALIST AND PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACHES

Summary/Abstract: The paper considers the phenomenon of narrative in terms of goal setting. The structuralist and phenomenological approaches to the study of narratives are viewed as complementary. It has been demonstrated that phenomenology is able to inquire into the process of generation and perception of the narrative structure in the individual consciousness (the concept of biographical situation, phenomenology of time), whereas structuralism reveals the results of this process in the structure (the concepts of focalization, point of view, story and discourse). P. Ricoeur and D. Carr (phenomenology) derive the narrative structure from the structure of goal setting; A. Greimas (structuralism) approves that desire is an important principle determining the narrative structure. The structure of goal setting correlates with Ts. Todorov’s idea (structuralism) about 5 elements of the episode. Integrity and completeness as attributes of the narrative and individual event in it are derived from such attributes of goal as distinctness and ability to be a criterion for significance of elements of experience.

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