Innovation and technology policy states Cover Image

Інноваційна та технологічна політика держав
Innovation and technology policy states

Author(s): Liudmyla Melny
Subject(s): National Economy, Supranational / Global Economy, Economic policy, Economic development, Socio-Economic Research
Published by: Університет Григорія Сковороди в Переяславі
Keywords: innovation policy; technology policy; government innovation policy; national innovation system;knowledge economy;

Summary/Abstract: The article presents the main characteristics of innovation policy, as an economic category. In light of the consideration of the interpretations proposed own definition of a «state innovation policy». The stages of formation of innovation policy. Summarizes the features of the innovative and technological policy in individual countries. The innovation process involves a broad intellectual aspects of the study and identifying the main directions, monitoring implementation, expectations, and time constraints of such tools as programs and projects, adaptability to the challenges of a dynamic economy, the development of which is determined by innovation, especially in times of crisis, and therefore acquires the value of the innovation and technology policy. In the present paper an attempt is made to generalize the theoretical domain on the contents of the categories «state innovation policy», to explore the theoretical and strategic aspects of formation of innovative and technological policy of Ukraine and States. In light of the consideration of the interpretations of the proposed definition: «state innovation policy» – a set of measures of state authorities aimed at establishing, supporting, strengthening and implementation of the innovative capacity of the country to create innovative business environments in which information and knowledge become the main factors of innovative development of the state. The success of States, whose economic growth is based on applying the latest scientific and technological achievements and intellectual achievement is largely determined by the efficiency of state support and institutional support. As the experience of developed countries, the influence of the innovative factor on the economy should be carried out by aligning innovation policy with scientific, technical, fiscal, monetary and industrial policy and subject to the achievement of unity of interests and the establishment of balanced relations between society, state, government, business and academic institutions in this field. For today indisputable is the fact that the personnel potential of modern Ukrainian science and education remains out of active state influence, oriented on high-quality reproduction, which indicates a threat not only to successful implementation of a new model of economic development, but also maintaining the minimum required innovations at the global level. As a result, the defining problem of the functioning of the domestic economy is not understanding the significance of the technological imperative, which is the duty of the state to accommodate all sectors of the economy to the latest technological requirements. The base value in the innovative development of Ukraine is the technological development of the country. Analysis of research gives grounds to conclude that Ukraine is becoming increasingly difficult to remain in foreign markets with traditional products, particularly through the influence of the following factors: energy intensity, technological backwardness (the technological development is based on the principle of «catch-up modernization»), the tariffs for gas. Improvement of innovation policy in different countries occurs in the following main directions: «state innovation policy» – a set of measures of state authorities aimed at establishing, supporting, strengthening and implementation of the innovative capacity of the country to create innovative business environments in which information and knowledge become the main factors of innovative development of the state. The success of States, whose economic growth is based on applying the latest scientific and technological achievements and intellectual achievement is largely determined by the efficiency of state support and institutional support. As the experience of developed countries, the influence of the innovative factor on the economy should be carried out by aligning innovation policy with scientific, technical, fiscal, monetary and industrial policy and subject to the achievement of unity of interests and the establishment of balanced relations between society, state, government, business and academic institutions in this field. For today indisputable is the fact that the personnel potential of modern Ukrainian science and education remains out of active state influence, oriented on high-quality reproduction, which indicates a threat not only to successful implementation of a new model of economic development, but also maintaining the minimum required innovations at the global level. As a result, the defining problem of the functioning of the domestic economy is not understanding the significance of the technological imperative, which is the duty of the state to accommodate all sectors of the economy to the latest technological requirements. The base value in the innovative development of Ukraine is the technological development of the country. Analysis of research gives grounds to conclude that Ukraine is becoming increasingly difficult to remain in foreign markets with traditional products, particularly through the influence of the following factors: energy intensity, technological backwardness (the technological development is based on the principle of «catch-up modernization»), the tariffs for gas. Improvement of innovation policy in different countries occurs in the following main directions: improved policy in the area of public research; improvement of policy of commercialization and development of small and medium-sized innovative companies; technology policy; coordination and evaluation of integrated innovation policy. It should be noted that in Ukraine at the moment in technology and innovation policy, both conceptually and formally approved in the form of state strategic document no. Therefore, for Ukraine it is necessary to recognize the objectivity and inevitability of these phenomena, and, obviously, the process of dynamic economic development is not possible without the mobilization of efforts to achieve efficient movement of the Ukrainian economy in the technological trajectory of the evolution of human civilization. First priority should be to provide objective economic evaluation of technological development of the Ukrainian economy that will help to develop and implement effective institutional, legislative and economic measures the development of high-tech industries.

  • Issue Year: 1/2016
  • Issue No: 30
  • Page Range: 15-26
  • Page Count: 12
  • Language: Ukrainian