Римското освојување на Македонија
The Roman Conquest of Macedonia

Summary/Abstract: This paper analyzes the facing of the Macedonian Kingdom with the new on-growing force in the Mediterranean – Rome, retaining itself specifically on the three Macedonian Wars. The First Macedonian War (215–205 B.C.), where the Macedonian King Philip V was in alliance with Carthage, ended without any significant changes for both sides and peace was concluded. During the first years of the Second Macedonian War (200–197 B.C.), Philip V opposed the Romans successfully, until the decisive battle at Cynoscephalae (197 B.C), in which the Macedonian army was heavily defeated. According to the concluded peace treaty, the Macedonian Kingdom had to give up on all the conquered territories outside of Macedonia, also obliged to pay high military compensation, give up on its fleet and limit its army to only 5000 men. But in short time, Philip V succeeded to consolidate the Macedonian Kingdom and prepare it for a new battle against Rome. The Third Macedonian War (171–167 B.C.) was led by the Macedonian King Perseus. After the changeable success at the beginning, the war culminated with the short, but fierce battle at Pydna (June 22, 168 B.C.), where the Macedonian army was heavily defeated, with 20,000 dead soldiers at the battlefield. This marked the end of the Macedonian Kingdom, and the long-lasting ruling of the Romans in Macedonia began. This event is a crucial one in the ancient history, not only for Macedonia, but for the other Balkan states as well, above all because the Romans managed to pave their way to the East.

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