Подготовката на висши инженерни и стопански кадри в България през втората половина на 40-те и през 50-те години на ХХ век
Preparation of Higher Engineering and Business Professionals in Bilgaria in the Second Half of the 1940s and 1950s

Summary/Abstract: The article traces the policy for preparation of engineering and business professionals in Bulgaria in the second half of the 1940s and in the 1950s in connection with the needs of economic recovery and structural reforms as well as the beginning of the accelerated industrialization of the country. For this purpose, the number of students admitted in higher engineering and agricultural and economic institutes increased extensively. These processes took place under severe political struggle, which, together with the immediate and long-term economic objectives laid down the policy of the Communist Party for the preparation of engineering and business professionals. This policy had special features such as: criteria for selection of students - initially it was political loyalty, subsequently - the worker-peasant origin; establishment of specialized technical institutes; introduction of ideological disciplines; studying the Russian language; increasing the number of young teachers while maintaining some of the old; establishment of new forms and units for training of senior staff - part time and evening courses, workers departments, higher party school, sending people to study in the USSR; manufacturing practice. However, senior staff selected and trained in this way in the 1940s and 1950s sought to realize their new status of technical intelligentsia, not the workers university graduates for immediate production, as was the purpose of the ruling Communist Party in organization of higher technical education.

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