Regionálne pohľady na nezamestnanosť na Slovensku vo vzťahu k podnikateľským aktivitám a úrovni vzdelania
REGIONAL VIEWS OF UNEMPLOYMENT IN SLOVAKIA RELATED TO ENTREPRENEURING ACTIVITIES AND EDUCATION LEVEL

Summary/Abstract: The sector of small and medium enterprising (SME) is a young but very dynamically developing component of the Slovak national economy. It has become an important part of the economy in its structure adaptation process. Advanced countries of the European Union (EU) started to prefer SME as early as in the early eighties within the framework of structure policy; then it was found out that SME represents a most dynamic factor of economic growth, creates new labour opportunities and is a source of regional develop-ment. It is only natural that the sector of small enterprises rooted itself in the economic basis of the Slovak regions. Socio-economic influence of the Slovak economy transformation into a market economy manifested itself in various spheres. Regional unemployment level is one of them. New regional and administrative organization of SR, implemented in the year 1996, intensified disproportion in unemployment and from the regional point of view this disproportion concentrated into smaller territorial units. This paper aims to demonstrate regional non-uniformity of employment in Slovakia related to entrepreneuring activities and to the level of education attained. The highest entrepreneuring activity of the population (the paper defines it in rela-tion to physical entities not listed in business register who carry out business on the basis of trade licence) has been in Bratislava, the capital of SR; followed by districts Senec, Galanta, Pezinok, Dunajská Streda, Banská Bystrica, the city of Košice, Komárno, Žilina, Poprad, Stará ¼ubovòa, Piešany, Ša¾a, Kysucké Nové Mesto, Považská Bystrica, Trenèín, Levice, Rimavská Sobota, and Nitra. From the entrepre-neuring point of view the least successful in Slovakia are districts Revúca, Gelnica, Krupina, Sobrance, Medzilaborce, Brezno, Sabinov, Púchov, Detva, Snina. In selected branches of the national economy, entrepreneuring activity is focused mainly on the sphere of trade and services; these however, cannot in the long run influence positively unemployment in problem districts.

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