LA GOUVERNANCE OU L’ÉVIDENCE DU MULTIPLE. LE CAS DES MÉTROPOLES EN FRANCE ET EN ITALIE
GOVERNANCE, ALWAYS MULTILEVEL. THE CASE OF METROPOLITAN GOVERNMENTAL AREAS IN FRANCE AND ITALY

Summary/Abstract: Governance is by "nature" multiple or/and multilevel. The case of the creation of a statute for metropolitan areas in France and Italy is one of the illustrations. France and Italy have been trying for more than twenty years to put up a special status for the global-cities of their territory. The recent revival of the process in both countries simultaneously puts out the difficulty to institutionalize powerful communities that upset the traditional scheduling territories, beyond the differences that separate France and Italy. This is why in both cases , global-cities are entities "under control" , but which are intended to be emancipated …

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