Об анатомической достоверности в сюжете «Распятие» в русской иконописи XV – начала XVI века
On the Anatomical Veracity in the Subject of the Crucifixtion in the Russian Iconography of the 15th – Early 16th Centuries

Summary/Abstract: The article considers the problem of anatomical veracity in the subject of the Crucifixtion in the Russian iconography of the 15th–early 16th centuries. The figural representations are analyzed with the help of the language of anatomical description. The research is based on the icons from the Andrey Rublev Museum, the Cathedral of the Annunciation in the Moscow Kremlin, the Cathedral of the Dormition in Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, and the icon by Dionisius for Pavlo-Obnorsky Monastery preserved in the Tretyakov Gallery. The psychological and anatomical veracity in the icon from the Cathedral of the Annunciation (Rublev school) combined with the fluent rhythm and harmony in composition makes it outstanding for its time. The spirit of antiquity rests on the balance of diverse tendencies but not merely on copying ancient Greek models. The anatomical details in the icons of the late 15th–early 16th centuries were represented schematically, with ornamental interpretation. The problem of anatomical veracity arose in Russia anew with the beginning of the Modern Age.

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