Историко-философската рефлексия на Карл Райнхолд и проблемът за систематичното единство на разума
The Historical-Philosophical Reflections of Karl Reinhold and the Problem of the Systematic Unity of Reason

Summary/Abstract: The text investigates the theme of historical development of the ‘philosophical reason’, which is part of Karl Reinhold’s attempt to turn philosophy into a fully systematic science, basing on Kant’s project for transcendental philosophy. Reinhold’s idea of the development of philosophical science through history is important achievement not only on its own right, but also in respect of further developments in German idealism. Analyzing the philosophical views of his predecessors Locke, Leibniz, Hume, and Kant, Reinhold argues that the necessary direction of philosophical development requires going a step further after Kant’s justification of the faculty of pure reason, which, as it turns out in Reinhold’s investigation, allows to argue for the existence of an all-encompassing unfolding of an objective reason, which reveals itself in the process of its historical development. I argue that this objectively acting and self-unfolding subject, which Reinhold names the philosophizing reason, is the first clear formulation of the idea of reason as singled-out objective, rational, and self-developing reality that later takes important position in the arguments advanced by Fichte, Schelling and Hegel in favor of the Absolute as an nonindividual agent that reflects on itself through its own historical and systematic unfolding.

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