Formy demokracji bezpośredniej jako przykład edukacji politycznej we Włoszech
Forms of Direct Democracy as an Example of the Political Education in Italy

Summary/Abstract: Today, the fundamental principles of democracy are seen in the sovereignty of a nation, safeguarding minority rights, division and balance of powers („checks and balances”), constitutionalism, the rule of law, and pluralism. The democratic system provides citizens with a wide range of opportunities to participate in the public life. These include, inter alia: direct forms of democracy (referendum, popular initiative, self-government), indirect forms of democracy (representative system), social and political organizations (associations, political parties), civic initiatives, and direct forms of support or objection (open letters, petitions). The article sets out to describe briefly the direct democracy forms found in Italy, doubtlessly embodying the fundamental principles of democracy per se, and enabling Italian citizens to shape the social and political life in their country.

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