Klasszikus és orientális antikvitás Winckellmann, Hamann és Herder műveiben
Classic and oriental antiquity in the works of Winckelmann, Hamann and Herder

Summary/Abstract: The paper deals with the plurality of the German classical ideals concerning Greek antiquity. It asks, how other interpretations competed with Winckelmann’s idea of Hellenism and how they regarded Oriental Antiquity. Hamann regarded Greek antiquity as an epoche in which the original power of language was practiced. Hamann’ relation to Oriental and Greek antiquity was auditory, based on rhetoric and sophistic thinking. His younger fellow, Herder maintained only the Greek element as a basis for the German national culture. This led to a monistic universalistic tendency to which the Romantics and especially Novalis, Schlegel and Tieck’s Cultural-Catholicism also contributed. The Eastern legacy then became newly conceptualised from an Aryan traditional-creational viewpoint, with the discovery of the Persian and Sanskrit cultures.

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