Класификация на плана на селската къща в Карпатско-Балканския регион
Classification of the plan of the rural house in the Carpathian-Balkan region

Summary/Abstract: Some factors for assessing the different types and variants of historically conditioned plans of rural houses (regional or local forms) in the Carpathian-Balkan region are: the communication among the rooms, the layout of the rooms, the possible absence of some rooms, the localization of the principal communicating room, its role and importance in the home, the heating system, the symmetrical or asymmetrical planning of the house and the choice of the axis (transverse or longitudinal) for the orientation of the rooms. In many cases the degree of development of the plan determines the purpose of the different rooms. An important element to be considered in the classification is the character and the localization of the main living-room in the house. In the Carpathian region it is called izba and it is a room which forms the nucleus of the home and in which the everyday life of the family is concentrated. The izba has a fireplace (possibly a stove, a hearth or a cooking stove). The access to it is through the anteroom (i. e. the izba is not the main anteroom and entrance to the house). In the Balkan lands the principal room has a different localization compared with that of the izba in the houses of Central and Eastern Europe. There it is a kind of anteroom with a fireplace. The room is used for cooking, for taking meals, for sleeping and for the everyday life of the family. In Bulgaria this room is referred to as kusta, in Yugoslavia — kuha. On the basis of these criteria the author has classified the plans of the houses in the Carpathian-Balkan region in various groups. This classification is valid for Czechoslovakia, Poland, the Ukraine, Hungary, Romania, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece and Turkey.

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