CRONOLOGIA SI TIPOLOGIA DALTILOR DE BRONZ CU TOC DE ÎNMANUSARE DIN ROMÂNIA
CHRONOLOGY AND TYPOLOGY OF THE BRONZE SOCKETED CHISELS FROM ROMANIA

Summary/Abstract: The subject of this paper is a bronze socketed chisel recently found during rescue archaeological diggings conducted in the site at Alba Iulia – Dealul Furcilor-Monolit; this is located in the south-western part of the town, lying on the lower terrace of the Mures river (Pl. I). The chisel was found in trench S. 305, in the archaeological layer with Iron Age and Roman materials, at 0,88 m depth. The bronze piece is a socketed chisel with oval bordered socketed mouth. On the border it presents two simetrical buttons. On the upper side, below the bordered mouth, it is decorated on front and back with two V-shaped ribs and one parallel rib. The chisel has a plain tapering body, with oval section in the upper side and rectangular section on the blade. It is 8,9 cm long, 2,4 cm wide at the mouth, 1,2 cm at the cutting edge; hole diameter – 1,8/1,5 cm; socket depth – 4,6 cm; weight – 60,24 g (Pl. II). The oldest findings of this type of chisel belong to the middle Bronze Age and the youngest ones belong to the first Iron Age. As best analogy for the decorated chisel found in the site from Alba Iulia we find an isolated object in Romania, at Sacueni, Bihor county (Pl. IX/49). Chisels with the same body form are very common in the late Bronze Age and the first Iron Age (Pl. V-IX). Alba Iulia`s chisel dates from the first Iron Age and we may assert that it belongs to the channeled pottery horizon, contemporary with Gáva culture, discovered at Dealul Furcilor- Monolit. In Romania, bronze chisels were discovered in intra-Carpathian (the majority) and extra- Carpathian regions: 67 sites – 40 in hoards; 9 in settlements; 1 in funerary tumulus; 5 isolated objects; 14 unknown discoveries (Pl. XII)

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