Ретроспективен поглед към актуалния проблем музей, музеология и политика
A Retrospective Glance to the Topical Problem of Museums, Museum Studies and Politics

Summary/Abstract: The article reconstructs the hystory of the emergence, establishment and development of the museums (the ethnographic museums included, in particular) worldwide, within the boundaries of three relatively differentiated period from the 15th century to date. It has been shown that the specificities of that process and of museology, the science dealing with it, are an objective aftereffect of the influence exerted by politics: a stable, permanent factor whose contents changes depending on the specific historical situation. From Europe, the homeland of museums, the conceptually significant ideas and trends in museology spread and develop amids the societies of the Euro-Atlantic world. ICOM has been the coordinating centre of these ideas on a universal level in view of the contemporary epoch. The topicality of the problem under investigation ensues from the global changes in the world, which are different in their nature and have brougth about a new conception regarding the nature of the museum and its role of an objective scientific and cultural centre neutral as far as the socio-political conflicts go. Its present-day activities should be beneficial to the future on the universal plan, rather than in view of the nation and the state alone. The problem of a museological stand which is moral and tolerant and is adequate to the present time in view of the specificity of the Bulgarian tradition is standing confronting the Bulgarian, and why not the united efforts of the Balkan Ethnographic museums, too. This is the only possible way of overcoming the decades long isolation and one-sidedness and of our joining the world at large.

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