Dzieje ludności żydowskiej w Tarnowie po II wojnie światowej
History of Jewish Population of Tarnów after World War II

Summary/Abstract: Before World War II, the Jews accounted for 45% of Tarnów inhabitants. After the war, the Jews who survived the Holocaust began to return to the town, and their number reached 1,200 or so in 1946. After the Kielce pogrom (in July 1946), however, they began to leave Tarnów. By 1950, about two hundred of them were left in the town. In the years 1945-1950, the District Jewish Committee operated in Tarnów, organising aid for Jews coming from the USSR and also engaging in educational activities. The communists (Polish Workers’ Party), socialists (Bund) and various Zionist splinter groups were present in the Jewish community of Tarnów. Jewish cooperative manufacturing shops were set up, and a house of prayer was opened in 1946. After 1950, the local branch of the Social and Cultural Society of Jews and the religious congregation remained the only forms of the Jews civic activity in Tarnów. The next phase of the exodus came after 1956, when almost all the Jews left Tarnów. The last of the few that stayed died in 1993.

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