Bratislava – náčrt vzniku a vývoja mesta
Outline for Resume to Origins of Bratislava

Summary/Abstract: For origin of Bratislava is very important to say, that it was greatly influenced by very good geographical environment in the place, where on the middle Danube bulges of two mountain massifs Carpathians as well as Alps have met. The river Danube created here a pass, through which two very important long distance routes have gone through: Danube route from the west to the east and so called Amber route, from north to south, which have also influenced the origin of the settlement. For the establishment of latter medieval town is also interesting follow-up of two time wise different settlements, Celtic and early medieval-Slavic, which does not mean direct settlement continuity, but points to certain common signs. A very important dominant of the whole area has been from early periods castle hill on the left bank of the river Danube, on which is up to the present time the castle of Brati¬slava. Under it has risen on southern as well as western side a settlement, which has evol¬ved at the time of the century turn to a settlement of „early town type“ – a Celtic oppidum with an important craftsmen manufacture and on the top of the hill with representative structures of prince like character. After the fall of Celtic oppidum, in the times of great people’s migration, the importance of Bratislava has declined. The importance came back in the second half of the eighth century, with the Slavic settlement. At that time a new fortifi¬cation was built at the castle hill and a center of secular as well as church power arose. On the south and eastern side new villages arose, which have later became a base for the me¬dieval town. In the past a bigger emphasis was put on the villages and settlement on the eastern slope and on the flat land under it, where during the course of 12th and 13th century a center of church has moved from the castle. A church of St. Salvator has been built there, later renamed and rebuilt as a St. Martins church and other sacral, especially monastery like structures as were the church of Clarissa, church of the Franciscans and a town buil¬dings. Excavations at the southern undercastle area showed, that in the beginnings of town origin, there have been also intensive settlement with important structures along the communication road, which went from important Danube ford to a developing town, to a church of St. Martin.

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