UTJECAJI EKOLOŠKIH ČIMBENIKA NA ODRŽIVOST ZAJEDNICE HRASTOVO-GRABOVE ŠUME U ZAPADNOHERCEGOVAČKOJ ŽUPANIJI
EFFECT OF ECOLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE VIABILITY OF THE OAK-HORNBEAM FOREST COMMUNITY IN WEST HERZEGOVINA CANTON

Summary/Abstract: The investigated plant community of the white oak and the oriental hornbeam (ass. Querco pubescentis-Carpinetum orientalis) in the West Herzegovinian area belongs to the sub-Mediterranean climatic zone. The aim of studying the said plant community was to establish the existence of syndynamic relations, which direct natural processes in the developing or stagnating direction. In the complex interactions between a forest community and ecological factors, especially of the anthropogenic, it is important to observe the possibilities of its sustainability. The purpose of this investigation is to point to the possibility of control mechanisms, based on ecological laws of the plant community, which would establish a balance state suitable for a free development and production of renewable biomass in a quantity that would satisfy man’s needs. It is widespread on shallow limestone soil (calcomelanosol, calcocambisol), and red earth (terra rossa), on which geographic variants appear in the form of degraded stages such as: low forests, underbrush and coppice, dry grassland, and rocky pastures. Relief forms, among which oases of Karst valleys, sinkholes, depressions, limestone hills and hillocks stand out, influence the development of plant cover of these areas. The climate influences the composition and distribution of plant communities, which is born out by the indicators obtained by measuring temperature in certain time periods. The anthropogenic factor has a considerable effect on the sustainability of a plant community. That is why scientific knowledge about sustainable development is used in the recent time to define adequate measures of protecting certain plant communities, as well as to define the direction of activity for the purpose of developing ecological awareness in the life environment.

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