Liberalne pierwiastki w nieliberalnym reżimie. Zjawisko ograniczania wpływu francuskich zasad ustroju sądowego i prawa procesowego, jako skutek utraty siły przez ruch frankofoński w samodzierżawnej Rosji w XIX wieku
Liberal Elements in an Illiberal Regime: The Diminishing Influence of French Principles of Judicial Organization and Procedural Law from the Waning Francophone Movement in Autocratic 19th-Century Russia

Summary/Abstract: The article is an attempt to show the key moments of the influence of French legal thought on selected legal institutions in Russia in the 19th century. The analysis was carried out based on the main thesis that quite liberal legal solutions of French origin were initially taken into account on the basis of the dynamically developing Francophone movement in the Russian Empire in the 18th and early 19th centuries. They were therefore accepted by the autocratic Russian emperors and the bureaucratic apparatus subordinate to them. However, over time, with the development of new social groups – the Russian intelligentsia – and the local culture, often based on traditional folk factors and concepts, the strength of the Francophone movement was less than before. For this reason, in the second half of the 19th century in autocratic Russia, legislation was quite often based on occidentalist French models, but clearly confronted with traditional solutions, most often affirmed by ukazs of Russian emperors.

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