SİVASTOPOL LİMANININ KURULUŞU, TARİHSEL GELİŞİMİ VE STRATEJİK İŞLEVİ
THE FOUNDATION, HISTORICAL EVOLUTION AND STRATEGİC ROLE OF SEVASTOPOL PORT

Summary/Abstract: This study comprehensively examines the historical development of the port of Sevastopol from the late eighteenth century to the mid-twentieth century through military, commercial, demographic, and geopolitical perspectives. The main objective of the research is to reveal Sevastopol’s significance in the Black Sea strategy of Russia, the Ottoman Empire, and Western powers, its role in international commercial competition, and its impact on the socio-economic structure of Crimea. The study discusses the contributions of European experts such as Andrew Dury and Jan-Hendrik van Kinsbergen, based on the exploration and mapping activities initiated during the reign of Catherine II, and analyzes how the port and fortress construction that began in 1783 shaped the region’s military and commercial identity. Main naval base in 1804, post–Crimean War reconstruction, modernization efforts in the late nineteenth century, and the completion of the railway connection are evaluated in detail in relation to Sevastopol’s economic development. The study examines the forced migration of Crimean Tatars as a result of Russification policies and the transformation of the city’s ethnic composition. The findings demonstrate that Sevastopol was not merely a port city but a multifaceted center situated at the intersection of imperial policies, international rivalry, and social transformation.

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