КАРДИОПУЛМОНАЛНА РЕАНИМАЦИЈА ВО УРГЕНТЕН ЦЕНТАР
CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION IN AN EMERGENCY CENTER

Summary/Abstract: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a set of emergency medical procedures that are applied to patients with cardiorespiratory arrest, i.e. a condition in which cardiac activity and breathing cease. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in an emergency center requires rapid response, modern equipment and coordinated work of the medical team and includes chest compressions, artificial ventilation, securing an airway, defibrillation and drug treatment. The basis of successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the early recognition of the arrest, the timely initiation of chest compressions, early defibrillation, advanced life support and quality post-resuscitation care. Cardiorespiratory arrest most often occurs as a consequence of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, trauma, sepsis, metabolic disorders and other conditions that lead to the cessation of cardiac and respiratory function. The most significant risk factors for cardiorespiratory arrest are arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease, diabetes, smoking, obesity, chronic lung disease, and advanced age, with the risk further increasing in patients with multiple comorbidities. From a pathophysiological perspective, cardiac arrest leads to a sudden cessation of circulation and oxygenation, which causes cellular hypoxia, metabolic acidosis, and rapid damage to vital organs, especially the brain. The clinical presentation most often includes a sudden loss of consciousness, absence of pulse and respiration, followed by cyanosis, pallor, dilated pupils, hypotension, and other signs of acute circulatory and respiratory failure. The most common symptoms and signs of cardiorespiratory arrest are chest pain, shortness of breath, palpitations, dizziness, and loss of consciousness. The diagnosis of cardiorespiratory arrest is made by assessing consciousness, breathing and pulse, supplemented by electrocardiography, heart rate monitoring, blood gas analysis and laboratory tests. The most common complications after cardiorespiratory arrest are hypoxic brain damage, neurological deficits, heart failure, arrhythmias and multiorgan failure, especially in patients with prolonged resuscitation. Of particular importance in the process of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the nurse/technician - anesthetist, who actively participates in the preparation of equipment and medications, assisting in resuscitation, monitoring vital parameters and caring for patients in intensive care units. Her expertise, preparedness, organization and ability to respond quickly are of great importance for the success of resuscitation and further treatment of patients.

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