ON THE ISSUES OF PUBLIC-LAW LIABILITY OF COMPANIES IN UKRAINE AND TURKEY
ON THE ISSUES OF PUBLIC-LAW LIABILITY OF COMPANIES IN UKRAINE AND TURKEY

Summary/Abstract: Given the commitment of Ukraine and Turkey to European integration and their shared European legal traditions, the article examines the public-law obligations of legal entities in both countries. The purpose of the study is to identify the structure, parallels, and divergences between the two models of corporate liability, and to explain how the Turkish model can be adapted to address the problem of the lack of systemic regulation in Ukraine. The analytical framework, based on formal-legal, comparative-legal, system-structural, and functional methods, allows the authors to consider the public-law obligations of legal entities as a multi-level structure, rather than as a collection of separate institutions. The results of the study demonstrate that the Ukrainian model remains fragmented: administrative-economic sanctions, criminal-law measures, and sanctions related to national security, operate without the necessary internal coherence. The Turkish model, by contrast, has a hierarchical structure that includes distinct national security regulatory regimes, sectoral regulatory regimes, general administrative liability, and criminal-law measures. The scientific novelty lies in the reconstruction of public-law liability of legal entities as coherent systems within the two legal orders, identifying the lack of systemic coherence as an independent scholarly and practical issue, and in the proposals for applying the Turkish experience in practice (strengthening judicial discretion, clearly distinguishing types of public-law sanctions, and unifying procedures for the protection of corporate rights).

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