Граматична реализация на семантичната опозиция одушевеност ~ неодушевеност (теоретични ракурси)
Grammatical Realization of the Semantic Opposition Animacy ~ Inanimacy (Theoretical Aspects)

Summary/Abstract: The study examines the grammatical realization of the semantic opposition animacy ~ inanimacy with a focus on the word classes, mainly in the Russian and Bulgarian languages. This opposition does not have a universal and unambiguous grammatical manifestation, but is realized differently in individual languages and language systems. Animacy cannot be treated as a full-fledged morphological category, since its formal explication is inconsistent, but is considered as a lexical-grammatical class. The analysis covers the interaction of the opposition with the categories of gender and case, with the classes of adjectives and numerals, showing that it is most clearly manifested in the case system, especially in the accusative case in Russian. Special attention is paid to the Bulgarian numeral forms, which represent a unique morphological realization of the semantic feature animacy. In conclusion, we confirm the understanding of animacy as a universal semantic constant with a broad but heterogeneous grammatical expression.

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