The Impact of Ocean Acidification on Underwater Operations
The Impact of Ocean Acidification on Underwater Operations

Summary/Abstract: Ocean acidification, driven by increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, induces significant chemical changes in the marine environment, with direct implications for submarine operations. This paper analyses the impact of decreasing oceanic pH on sound propagation, sonar performance, the strength of materials used in submarine construction, and the reliability of communication systems. It also highlights related operational risks, such as damage to acoustic equipment, reduced detection and identification accuracy, and heightened vulnerabilities in surveillance and navigation missions. These issues underscore the necessity of adapting underwater tactics and technologies to maintain operational efficiency amid constantly changing environmental conditions. Future research directions are proposed, including advanced modelling of acidified environments, the development of innovative materials, and the optimization of acoustic communication systems. It is essential to develop predictive models that integrate oceanographic and chemical variables to anticipate changes in pH and other relevant parameters, enabling operational strategies to be planned and adjusted in real time. The findings emphasize the importance of continuous monitoring of oceanographic parameters and adopting a proactive approach to ensuring the efficiency and safety of submarine operations within the context of global climate change.

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