Правосубектност и юридическа отговорност на изкуствения интелект в светлината на съвременното право
Legal personality and liability of artificial intelligence in the light of contemporary law

Summary/Abstract: The present study examines the legal subjectivity and legal liability of artificial intelligence within the framework of contemporary law, emphasizing the transformation of traditional legal categories under the influence of digitalization. In classical legal doctrine, legal personality is attributed to natural and legal persons as bearers of rights and obligations. The emergence of artificial intelligence and its ability to make autonomous decisions raises the question of whether such systems can be perceived as “electronic persons” and bear legal responsibility. Despite ongoing debates about introducing the concept of an “electronic person,” the current legal framework maintains the position that legal liability may be sought only from natural and legal persons, at least for the time being. The study provides a conceptual and normative analysis of possible models for allocating liability for damages caused by artificial intelligence. In conclusion, it is emphasized that, at the present stage, law should preserve its human-centered character by ensuring effective control, transparency, and accountability in the use of artificial intelligence, without allowing the substitution of the legal subject with an algorithm.

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