Jedność czasu zamiast jedności miejsca? Rozumienie żywości w czasie pandemii COVID-19
Unity of Time Replacing Unity of Space? Understanding "Liveness" during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Summary/Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic had a huge impact on all forms of human activity, including culture. Within this last category, live events, such as music festivals, are of particular interest, as they rely on direct contact between performers and audience gathered in one place. Consequently, many of the festivals that did take place were held in either fully virtual or hybrid formats. This helped maintain a sense of emotional bond between performers and participants, as well as reduce the financial problems of the organisers. However, the question should be asked how the situation could have influenced the understanding of a "live" event. It can be assumed that this reflection covers not only the special situation of a pandemic, but also touches upon deeper transformations in the understanding of "liveness" in the era of new media and hybrid reality. The use of a combination of real and virtual reality was analysed based on three Polish festivals: Pol'and'Rock, Unsound and Sacrum/Profanum, whose 2020 editions were subjected to netnographic observation. Research concludes that the "liveness" of the hybrid era is based less on the unity of meeting in a place, and more on the unity of timely connections online.

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