Ștefan cel Mare între Cazimir al IV-lea, regele Poloniei, și Matia, regele Ungariei: campania moldovenilor în Maramureș în 1472
Stephen the Great between Casimir IV, King of Poland, and Matthias, King of Hungary: The Moldavian Campaign into Maramureș in 1472

Summary/Abstract: At the beginning of 1472, Stephen the Great, Prince of Moldavia, sent an army to Maramureș to help Polish prince Casimir, son of King Casimir IV. The prince attempted to take the throne of Hungary at the invitation of Hungarian rebels, but the failure of his campaign and the rebellion forced him to withdraw. Documents from 1472, 1499, 1500, and 1504 mention a campaign of the Moldavians, as a result of which documents and assets of the five crown towns and the local nobility were lost. A document from 1473 about an exchange of estates between Nicolae Dragfi and Ioan Micle of Șugatag dates this campaign in 1472. Also in 1472, King Matthias gave an estate to a nobleman who distinguished himself in the siege of the Hust. The fortress of Hust was probably occupied by rebels, Poles, or Moldavians, and, based on the analysis of the documents and of the itinerary, we cannot exclude the possibility that the siege may have been initiated by the king himself. Stephen the Great sent his troops to northern Hungary, to Maramureș, in his capacity as a vassal of the king of Poland. This is a different campaign from the one in June-July 1469, when a pillaging campaign of the Moldavians reached as far as Baia Mare, which, in the Middle Ages, had the name “Rivulus Dominarum”. The campaign of 1469, which reached as far as “ad rivulum” according to Polish chronicler I. Dlugosz, is also attested by a privilege dated in the same year, by which King Matthias gave the inhabitants of Baia Mare the right to surround the city with defensive walls. It is possible that Stephen the Great sent his troops to plunder Baia Mare because, at the end of June 1469, the city must have hosted a big amount of money prepared for the King of Hungary as a rent instalment for the mints in Baia Mare, Baia de Arieș, and Sibiu. There are two different campaigns: one of plunder, in 1469, into Baia Mare, and another in 1472, in Maramureș, to support the Polish prince.

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