Словарь лингвистических терминов как лексикографический памятник истории языкознания
DICTIONARIES OF LINGUISTIC TERMS AS LEXICOGRAPHIC MONUMENTS OF THE HISTORY OF LINGUISTICS

Summary/Abstract: The article aims to presents a comparative analysis of linguistic dictionaries from the mid-twentieth century, demonstrating the conceptual and terminological foundations of various directions in the development of language science. The study relevance stems from the need for a description and comparative examination of the metalanguage of linguistics – that is, linguistic terminology itself. Its novelty lies in the selection of three dictionaries from the mid-twentieth century, compiled by representatives of the Prague, French, and American linguistic schools and translated into Russian. These works reflect the scientific concepts underlying the three most influential dimensions of European and American linguistics in the middle of the XX century. The study employs descriptive and comparative methods. Each dictionary represents the terminological system of a particular linguistic school, making it possible to examine a fragment of scientific theory across different branches of language science through the prism of linguistic terminology. Dictionary of the Prague School of Linguistics by Josef Vachek reflects the phonological theory of the Prague school; its central terms include phoneme, archiphoneme, phonology, etc. Dictionary of French Linguistic Terminology by Jean Marouzeau presents the theoretical foundations of French linguistics, which does not distinguish between the terms phoneme and sound or between phonetics and phonology, in keeping with the concepts of the French sociological school. A Glossary of American Technical Linguistic Usage by Eric Hamp focuses on describing the terminological framework of descriptive linguistics in the mid-twentieth century, including terms such as descriptive analysis, distribution, allophone, allomorph, alloseme, model, metalanguage, etc. The comparison of these dictionaries demonstrates the development of specific scientific theories within national linguistic schools. As the analysis shows, the metalanguage of linguistics reflects both a particular stage in the development of language science and its specific orientation.

• Details
• Contents