Applying Smart Specialisation to Agricultural Innovation: Evidence from the North-East Planning Region of Bulgaria
Applying Smart Specialisation to Agricultural Innovation: Evidence from the North-East Planning Region of Bulgaria

Summary/Abstract: This paper analyses the application of Bulgaria’s Smart Specialisation Strategy (RIS3 2021–2027) to the agricultural sector of the North-East Planning Region, with emphasis on the correspondence between regional innovation capacity, farm structure and strategic priorities. The study applies qualitative policy analysis combined with descriptive and comparative analysis of regional statistical data, Innovation Scoreboard indicators and agrarian structural characteristics. Results indicate an asymmetric innovation profile, marked by strong performance in market-oriented and intangible innovations (branding, design, trademarks) and persistent deficiencies in human capital, digital maturity and technological productivity. The findings suggest that smart specialisation in agriculture requires a differentiated approach, where Industry 4.0 solutions are concentrated in economically strong farms, while organisational, ecological and market innovations dominate among small and medium producers. AKIS and intermediary institutions emerge as key mechanisms for translating regional knowledge and policy instruments into effective innovation practices and sustainable agrarian development.

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