Discussing controversial issues in the classroom and beyond: using the Estonian experience with the Russian Orthodox Church to explain some aspects of Russian imperialism
Discussing controversial issues in the classroom and beyond: using the Estonian experience with the Russian Orthodox Church to explain some aspects of Russian imperialism

Summary/Abstract: This article studies the intersection of history didactics, Russian imperialism and propaganda through the lens of Estonia’s experience with the Russian Orthodox Church. It argues that Russia’s full-scale war of aggression against Ukraine must be understood within the broader historical framework of Russian imperialism, where both religious institutions and historical narratives are weaponized to serve expansionist goals. Using two case studies – the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral and the Lasnamäe church in Tallinn – the article demonstrates how the Russian Orthodox Church has functioned as a tool of soft power and ideological influence. The concept of Russkii mir is critically examined as a rebranded form of imperial nationalism, with implications for foreign policy and foreign influence operations. The study emphasizes the importance of source criticism in historical education, particularly in identifying bias and resisting propaganda. Estonia’s response to these challenges offers a compelling example of how democratic societies can confront authoritarian narratives.

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