METHODS FOR REDUCING ANXIETY AND PAIN IN PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
METHODS FOR REDUCING ANXIETY AND PAIN IN PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Summary/Abstract: Background: Dental anxiety is a common phenomenon among children and frequently leads to avoidance of dental visits, reduced cooperation during procedures, and deterioration of oral health. A lack of cooperation poses significant challenges for clinicians, affecting the course, duration, and overall effectiveness of treatment. Early identification and appropriate management of anxiety and pain are therefore essential to ensure successful dental care and to promote positive oral health behaviors later in life. Aim of the study: The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the available methods for reducing anxiety and pain in pediatric dentistry. Material and methods: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The review protocol was developed a priori and defined the research question, eligibility criteria, data sources, search strategy, record management procedures, and methods of data synthesis. Results: Over the years, numerous strategies have been developed in pediatric dentistry to address these concerns, including both non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches. Behavioral and communicative techniques, as well as various distraction methods such as audiovisual aids, virtual reality, and music therapy, are widely used to support anxious children and improve their experience in the dental setting. Relaxation strategies and parental involvement further contribute to enhancing patient comfort and reducing procedural distress.When behavioral approaches are insufficient, sedation or general anesthesia may be employed to facilitate safe and effective treatment, ensuring that necessary procedures can be completed without compromising the quality of care. Recent advances also include the introduction of modern digital tools and child-friendly technologies designed to create a supportive and engaging dental environment. Conclusions: This review summarizes current methods for reducing anxiety and pain in children undergoing dental treatment and highlights emerging developments aimed at improving patient experience and overall clinical outcomes.

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