Production Relocation in the European Union: Between Resilience and Global Interdependence in an Era of Global Value Chain Disruption
Production Relocation in the European Union: Between Resilience and Global Interdependence in an Era of Global Value Chain Disruption

Summary/Abstract: In the face of growing geopolitical competition and disruptions in global value chains, the European Union (EU) has undertaken measures to strengthen economic resilience by encouraging the relocation of production to Member States. This article analyses the impact of the EU's open strategic autonomy policy on production relocation processes in the context of the United States-China strategic rivalry and global challenges such as the pandemic, Russia's invasion of Ukraine, and climate change. Based on an analysis of strategic documents and legislative instruments, an attempt is made to verify two hypotheses regarding the effectiveness of the EU's production relocation policy, its external conditions, and its varied impact on individual economic sectors. The conclusions indicate that although the EU has introduced a range of instruments designed to enhance supply chain resilience, their effectiveness is limited by geopolitical and economic factors, and their actual impact on business decision-making varies across sectors. The article emphasises the need for further research into the effectiveness of the instruments implemented and their adaptation to sectoral specifi cities within an evolving international environment.

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