КУРДСКАЯ ПРОБЛЕМА В ТРУДАХ БЛИЖНЕВОСТОЧНЫХ УЧЕНЫХ
THE KURDISH PROBLEM IN THE WRITINGS OF MIDDLE EASTERN SCIENTISTS

Summary/Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of the ‘Kurdish problem’ — one of the key ethno-political conflicts in the Middle East, related to the historical lack of statehood of the Kurdish people and their struggle for self-determination. The relevance of the study is determined by the duration of the conflict, its impact on the stability of the Middle East and the insufficient study of the positions of local scholars whose works form the intellectual discourse around this topic. The main question of the article is how Middle Eastern scholars interpret the origins, evolution and possible solutions to the Kurdish question, taking into account the political and cultural realities of their countries. The focus of the study is on the writings of Turkish sociologist Ismail Beşikçi and Iraqi political scientist Hawre Hassan Ham. The methodology is based on a comparative analysis of their works using qualitative methods: historical-political contextualization, critical discourse analysis and interdisciplinary approach. This allowed us to identify differences in the scholars' emphases due to their national contexts. I. Beşikçi, working under Turkish censorship, emphasizes the systemic assimilation of Turkey's Kurds, criticizing the concept of a ‘single nation’ and the denial of Kurdish identity. Havre Hasan Ham, analyzing the Iraqi context, examines the Kurdish question through the prism of federalism and post-conflict organization, emphasizing the role of international actors in the establishment of Kurdish autonomy. ars: the Kurdish problem is rooted in the colonial legacy of the region and the policies of centralized states that deny ethno-cultural diversity. However, while I. Besikci sees the solution in the deconstruction of national myths and recognition of Kurdish rights, H. H. Ham focuses on institutional reforms and dialogue with the central authorities. The study demonstrates that the scholars' views reflect the specificities of the Turkish and Iraqi contexts, but converge on the need for international attention to the problem. The article contributes to the understanding of the Kurdish question through the lens of regional academic thought, emphasizing the importance of including local voices in the global discourse on the rights of ethno-religious minorities.

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