Фрази на прякото обръщение с частицата ма в съвременния български език
Direct Address Phrases with the Particle ma in Modern Bulgarian

Summary/Abstract: Modern Bulgarian has both a direct address particle (ма) and a morphologically marked vocative. This article tests the following hypotheses: (i) the position of ма relative to the noun in the direct address phrase is subject to constraints; (ii) direct address phrases containing ма are subject to positional constraints and are more typical of the right sentence periphery; (iii) different groups of nouns can be identified when combinations of ма include unmarked forms and when they include the vocative, with grouping resting primarily on the lexical semantics of the nouns; (iv) sentences with more than one occurrence of ма are possible, but whether the particle appears multiple times de-pends on the distance between any two occurrences, measured in tokens. These hy-potheses are checked against two main sources of data: a targeted search in CLASSLA-web.bg and a survey among native speakers. The results confirm hypotheses (i), (ii) and (iii), but not hypothesis (iv).

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