Энеолитический литейный комплекс памятника Палатки I (Среднее Зауралье)
Eneolithic Molds from the Palatki I Site (Middle Trans-Urals)

Summary/Abstract: The Palatki I site (the Middle Trans-Urals) yielded two clay molds for blanks (rods and sub-rectangles). It is associated with the Pottery of the Eneolithic Ayat culture. Similar ceramic molds are known in the Bronze Age on both sides of the Urals. They were found in the burials of the molders (the Novotitorovka, Catakomb, and Poltavka cultures), but differ from those published in their proportions and elegance. According to morphological characteristics, Ural artefacts are similar to the items found in the Polymyat type sites of the Western Siberia, although they are more likely to be considered derivative types. Common archaic features unite the finds from the Palatki I and the sites of the Eneolithic Imerk culture (the Moksha River basin). This fact may indicate strong connections between the fishermen/hunters of the forest zone from the Eastern Europe and the Trans-Urals. New sources don’t contradict the conclusions of the Hungarian linguists about the dispersal of the ancestors of the Finno-Ugric peoples in the 4th—3rd Millennia BC.There is reason to speak about the Trans-Urals center of the metalworking that evolved in the Eneolithic. Local molders used simple copper processing techniques common in the Circumpontian Metallurgical Province (CMP). The technologies were indirectly transmitted from the population of the Garino culture from the Kama River basin, who supplied copper of their own production to their neighbors. The eastern boundary of this cultural center shifted to the North-West Siberia in the pre-Seima period of the Bronze Age.

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