Válságok, kihívások, újrakezdések, lehetõségek. Az 1000 éves egri szőlőtermesztés és borkészítés főbb kereteiről és tendenciáiról
Crises, Challenges, New Beginnings, Opportunities: Main Frameworks and Tendencies in One Thousand Years of Viticulture and Winemaking in the Eger Region

Summary/Abstract: The Eger Wine Region, homeland of Egri Bikavér, is one of Hungary’s largest and oldest viticultural areas, with a winemaking tradition spanning a thousand years. Owing to its difficult history, marked by recurrent crises and enforced changes of direction, the region still occupies an ambiguous position today. After surveying the relevant geographical, geological, and climatic factors, the study examines the history of the wine region in three parts. The first covers the period from the beginning of the Hungarian Middle Ages to the Ottoman conquest; the second extends from the 17th-century settlement of the Rác (Serbian) population to the phylloxera epidemic at the end of the 19th century; and the third traces developments from the post-phylloxera reconstruction to the present day. Across these three periods, the discussion focuses primarily on patterns of landholding and income, the principal sites of production, the main grape varieties, and the quantity and character of the wines produced. Particular attention is devoted to the emergence and formation of Egri Bikavér. Following a concise account of the major transformations of the Soviet-type period and of the years after the transition of 1989–90, the article concludes with reflections that also consider the present-day situation.

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