ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND LEGAL LIABILITY. ROLE OF THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND LEGAL LIABILITY. ROLE OF THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION

Summary/Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly become a central focus of legal discussions within the European Union (EU), highlighting the urgent need for clear and coherent regulation, particularly regarding legal liability. The European Commission has assumed a pivotal role in shaping these regulatory frameworks to ensure the responsible development and deployment of AI technologies across member states. The paper aims to examine and critically assess the European Commission's recent initiatives, specifically analyzing legislative instruments such as the AI Act, the proposed AI Liability Directive, and the revision of Product Liability Directive. Using a normative legal analysis approach combined with a comparative examination of legislative proposals, the study identifies strengths and remaining gaps within the current framework. Key findings suggest that while the Commission's efforts significantly advance legal certainty and consumer protection, further concrete measures are required to address liability complexities arising from rapidly evolving AI technologies. The paper contributes to existing literature by emphasizing the indispensable role of the European Commission as a legislative driver and calls for continued proactive engagement to ensure balanced regulation in the age of generative AI.

• Details
• Contents