A jump start to open innovation: A multidimensional competence profile in an international setting
A jump start to open innovation: A multidimensional competence profile in an international setting

Summary/Abstract: Objective: This study investigates open innovation (OI) competence development through a dynamic capabilities lens, offering a systematic understanding of how OI competencies are distributed across higher education contexts in mature and post-transition economies. Research Design & Methods: We conceptualised and measured OI competencies among 397 engineering students from three European countries - Denmark, Latvia, and Poland - representing both mature and post-transition economies. Using multigroup latent profile analysis (LPA), we identified empirically determined patterns of competence distribution. This methodological approach enables robust cross-cultural comparison while accounting for national contextual variations. Findings: Results revealed three distinct OI competence profiles with significant cross-national variations. Latvian students demonstrated higher entrepreneurship and risk-taking competencies, Danish students excelled in digital skills, while Polish students showed moderate levels across dimensions. Gender analyses uncovered unexpected patterns: women students were significantly more represented in high OI profiles in Poland and Latvia, while men dominated high profiles in Denmark. Implications & Recommendations: For higher education institutions, our findings emphasise the need for contextually sensitive OI learning environments. For practitioners, our OI Competence Profile provides a framework for recruitment and team development across different national contexts. Contribution & Value Added: This study advances OI theory by validating a comprehensive competence profile that functions as a first-order dynamic capability. Our multi-country, gender-inclusive approach reveals how educational, cultural, and economic factors shape innovation competency development across different national contexts.

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