Usklađivanje pravnog okvira Bosne i Hercegovine s evropskim aktom o vještačkoj inteligenciji (Akt EU o VI): izazovi i perspektive
Alignment of the legal framework of Bosnia and Herzegovina with the European Artificial Intelligence Act (EU AI Act): challenges and perspectives

Summary/Abstract: The paper analyses the European Union Artificial Intelligence Act (EU AI Act), which represents the first comprehensive legal framework at the global level, regulating the development, marketing and use of AI. Special emphasis is placed on the risk-based approach, through categorisation of AI systems as unacceptable or high risk, and the obligations imposed on providers, users and EU Member States. Also, the paper examines the mechanisms of supervision and implementation of the EU AI Act, as well as the corrective measures to be undertaken in case of any non-compliance. Furthermore, the paper analyses the significance of the EU AI Act for Bosnia and Herzegovina, a candidate for EU membership, taking into an account the country’s complex legal and administrative framework. It is noteworthy that BiH adopted the new Law on Data Protection at the beginning of 2025, which is discussed herein. Additionally, a brief overview is given of the relevant criminal code provisions in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (F BiH), the Republika Srpska (RS) and the Brčko District of BiH (BD BiH), along with the key strategic documents that, in the absence of a single comprehensive law, indirectly regulate the area of AI. The paper highlights the need to align domestic legislation with the EU AI, not only to fulfil the requirements of the EU integration processes, but also to strengthen institutional capacities, safeguard fundamental human rights and freedoms and to promote innovations in the digital market. Finally, a comparative overview of the situation in Serbia, Montenegro and Croatia is provided to contextualize the issue regionally.

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