Blasphemer or heretic? Cover Image

Bluźnierca czy heretyk?
Blasphemer or heretic?

Author(s): Leszek Kolankiewicz
Subject(s): Sociology of Culture
Published by: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego
Keywords: Jerzy Grotowski; Apocalypsis cum Figuris; Christ; Dostoevsky; The Grand Inquisi- tor; Eliot; Ash-Wednesday; Gerontion; parodia sacra; blasphemy; heresy; the tragic; the Catholic Church; Jan Błoński; Małgorzata Dziewulska;

Summary/Abstract: Apocalypsis cum Figuris, the last performance of Jerzy Grotowski, was considered blas- phemous. It was presented as such by Bishop Bronisław Dąbrowski, secretary of the Polish Epis- copal Conference, in confidential conversations with the secretary of the Polish United Workers’ Party Central Committee Stanisław Kania and Minister Kazimierz Kąkol, head of the Office for Re- ligious Affairs. However, the Church did not go to formal accusation, only Primate Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński condemned the work from the pulpit as pornographic. Jan Błoński belived this spec- tacle was not as tragic as the previous performances of the Laboratory Theatre, while Małgorzata Dziewulska saw it as a tragic variety of gnosis. The main character, The Simpleton, is anti-Church Christ, Christus in nobis, Christ acting in us. And that’s why Apocalypsis cum Figuris can be con- sidered not only blasphemous but also heretical, just as some of Czesław Miłosz’s writings. How- ever, the hierarchs of the Polish Church were not interested in Grotowski as a heretic — it was only the moral threads that outraged them in his work, which once again exposed the theological defi- ciency of Polish Catholicism and its obsession with sex.

  • Issue Year: 29/2025
  • Issue No: 2
  • Page Range: 15-37
  • Page Count: 23
  • Language: Polish
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