İbn Teymiyye’nin Kıraat İlminin Temel Meselelerine Yaklaşımı: Yedi Harf, Şâz Kıraatler ve Mushaf Hattı Bağlamında Bir İnceleme
Ibn Taymiyya’s Approach to the Fundamental Issues of Qirāʾāt Studies: An Examination within the Context of the Seven Aḥruf, Shādhdh Qirāʾāt and the Muṣḥaf Script

Summary/Abstract: Purpose: The present study aims to analyze Ibn Taymiyya’s (d. 728/1328) views on the qirāʾāt, with a particular focus on issue of the seven aḥruf and the legitimacy of shādhdh qirāʾāt. Ibn Taymiyya’s perspectives on the subject are significant in that they reflect the conception of qirāʾāt in his own period, provide a foundation for Ibn al-Jazarī’s ten-qirāʾa system, and ultimately reveal the intellectual background of the contemporary understanding of qirāʾāt. In this respect, the study aims to contribute to the extant literature on both theoretical and historical levels. In this context, his defense of the legitimacy of ṣaḥīḥ-transmitted qirāʾāt beyond the readings of the well-known seven imams demonstrates both his adherence to the tradition of transmission and his emphasis on preserving the plurality of the qirāʾāt heritage. Method: The research is grounded in Ibn Taymiyya’s responses to questions many of which retain their condempporary relevance, regarding qirāʾāt, as found in his treatise Ijābah fīhā ʿan asʾilah fī ʿilm al-qirāʾāt: Fatāwā fī ʿilm al-qirāʾāt and in his compendium Majmūʿ al-fatāwā. Using a qualitative method, the study employs document analysis and seeks to present a holistic perspective by centring these works of Ibn Taymiyya. Findings: The view cited by Ibn Taymiyya on the authority of his grandfather that shādhdh qirāʾāt may be tolerated in voluntary (nāfilah/sunnah) recitations outside the obligatory qirāʾah pillar of the prayer has emerged as one of the significant and original findings of this study within the context of the relationship between qirāʾāt and fiqh. Another finding is that he deems the combining (jamʿ) of different qirāʾāt during worship to be makrūh and an innovation (bidʿah), while considering such a combination permissible in the context of teaching and learning. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that, in the historical period extending from Ibn Mujāhid to Ibn al-Jazarī, the qirāʾāt were not absolutely or rigidly confined to seven. Rather, qirāʾāt transmitted with sound isnāds and conforming to the rasm al-muṣḥaf were likewise regarded as legitimate. The study also concluded that Ibn Taymiyya’s emphasis on adopting a cautious approach toward shādhdh qirāʾāt is significant. This is based on the existence, from the earliest periods, of divergent views concerning the nature (māhiyyah), signification (dalālah), and relationship of the seven aḥruf to the rasm almuṣḥaf may be considered a significant finding. In this context, future studies are encouraged to examine comparatively the perception of shādhdh qirāʾāt across different periods, their position within qirāʾāt pedagogy, and the juristic approaches that vary in accordance with inter-madhhab differences

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