Miejsce faszyzmu w polityce zagranicznej i wewnętrznej Republiki Turcji w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym
The Place of Fascism in Foreign and Domestic Policy of the Republic of Türkiye in the Interwar Period

Summary/Abstract: The proclamation of the Republic of Türkiye in October 1923 coincided with the first anniversary of the fascists' rise to power in Italy. Despite significant differences in their approaches to colonialism and political revisionism, Kemalist Türkiye and Fascist Italy were drawn together by shared ambitions to establish a new order in international relations. During the 1920s, Italy was Türkiye's main trading partner, and official visits by Foreign Minister Tevfik Rüştü and Prime Minister İsmet Pasha to the Apennine Peninsula reflected the close diplomatic relations between the two states. This rapprochement contributed directly to the interest in fascism within the political circles associated with the Republican People's Party (CHP). This article explores the role of fascism in foreign and domestic policy of the Republic of Türkiye between 1923 and 1939. The study is based on a qualitative analysis of memoir literature, daily press, archival documents from Turkish state repositories, and academic publications in the Turkish language. The research indicates that Recep Peker, Falih Rıfkı Atay, and Yunus Nadi Abalıoğlu expressed admiration for Fascist Italy, particularly regarding the cult of personality, urban modernisation, public health, industrial development, and youth education. CHP politicians' reflections on fascism were largely motivated by the efforts to concretise the principles of Kemalism.

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