Okazanie mowy – polskie unormowania prawne a literatura kryminalistyczna i zagraniczne regulacje
Earwitness – Polish legal regulations, forensic literature and foreign voice identification

Summary/Abstract: Voice identification constitutes one of the forms of identification procedures regulated under Article 173 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, as well as under two executive acts and police procedures. This study presents a formal analysis of Polish legal regulations and judicial decisions that address voice identification. When compared to the standards proposed by forensic literature, scientific research findings, and measures adopted in other countries (also presented in this study), this analysis reveales insufficient legal regulation of this matter, which may even be detrimental from the perspective of proper methodology for voice identification. These reflections have led to the formulation of de lege ferenda proposals, including, among others, the creation of a new, comprehensive regulation of identification procedures in Poland. There would encompass voice identification, which should be conducted in a similar fashion employed in other countries, i.e., with a larger number of participants in an identity parade, the involvement of a forensic phonoscopy expert, and with the usage of voice recordings.

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