From smart to agentic environments: AI and innovative technologies transforming learning, work and urban living
From smart to agentic environments: AI and innovative technologies transforming learning, work and urban living

Summary/Abstract: This article examines agentic environments, an emerging paradigm that moves beyond the conventional smart city model by embedding artificial intelligence across diverse settings. Unlike earlier systems, which were technologically advanced, yet siloed, agentic environments integrate generative AI (GenAI) with edge computing and multi-agent frameworks to create adaptive, privacy-preserving, context-aware and sustainability-oriented systems. They bridge personal, professional and public spheres to support proactive decision-making, sustainable resource management and personalised user experiences across daily activities, including learning, work, commuting and civic participation. The study uses an exploratory design that combines theoretical modelling with empirical methods to assess this evolving concept. Primary data come from a survey and a focus group with AI and machine-learning experts, used to validate the conceptual framework through practical applications. Ethical, social and environmental considerations are foregrounded, including data sovereignty, algorithmic transparency and the energy demands of large AI models. The findings suggest that modularity, cross-domain integration and ethical governance are foundational to agentic systems, while significant challenges remain around privacy, individual autonomy and environmental impact. Overall, the research positions agentic environments as key building blocks for human-centred, sustainable and resilient urban ecosystems.

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